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PKO BP SAPoland in middle of EU in terms of R&D expenditures/GDP ratio - PKO BP (opinion)
Poland with Research and Development expenditures amounting to 1.45 percent of GDP comes fifteenth among EU countries, before member countries such as Spain with 1.44 percent of GDP, Italy with 1.39 percent of GDP and Hungary with 1.39 percent of GDP, but after Czech Republic with 1.89 percent of GDP, PKO BP's analysts wrote on X (formerly Twitter).
"Polish R&D expenditures are systematically growing, not only in the nominal scope but also in relation to the GDP. In 2023, PLN 53.1 billion was spent for this goal, which is equivalent to 1.56 percent of GDP, up from 1 percent of GDP ten years ago," the bank's analysts wrote.
They added that the enterprises sector is responsible for most R&D activities implemented (64.6 percent), with higher education taking second place at 33.4 percent.
"Compared to the latest 2022 data from other EU countries, we are ranked in the middle at the 15th place with 1.45 percent of GDP, before member countries such as Spain with 1.44 percent of GDP, Italy with 1.39 percent of GDP and Hungary with 1.39 percent of GDP, but after Czech Republic with 1.89 percent of GDP," PKO BP's analysts reported.
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Poland's stats office GUS wrote on Tuesday that Poland's gross expenditures for R&D in 2023 amounted to PLN 53.1 billion (EUR 12.2 bln), up by 18.8 percent from the previous year. The R&D intensity index, measuring the share of internal expenditures for R&D in GDP, amounted to 1.56 percent, up from 1.45 percent in 2022.
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